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Feel Better . . . Live Better |
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Lumbar Anatomy |
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Inside Schedule Impairment Examination
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![]() | The large nerve roots that go to the legs and arms may be irritated
![]() The smaller nerves that innervate the spine may be irritated
| ![]() The large paired back muscles (erector spinae) may be strained
| ![]() The bones, ligaments or joints themselves may be injured
| ![]() The disc space itself can be a source of pain | |
Therefore, a review of spinal anatomy is important to understand the causes of back pain and evaluate treatment options. This section provides an overview of anatomical structures in the spine, including:
![]() | Vertebral bodies
![]() Vertebral discs
| ![]() Spinal cord and nerve roots
| ![]() Muscles | |
The review includes the three major regions of the spine (Figure 1):
The sacrum is at the bottom of the spine and lies between the fifth lumbar segment and the coccyx (tailbone). The sacrum is a triangular-shaped bone and consists of five segments (S1 – S5) that are fused together and connect to the pelvis (ilium) and form joints called the sacroiliac joints.